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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2017a). In conditions with extremely close coal seams, the failure, stress and displacement characteristics of surrounding rock under various roadway layouts were explored (Suo et al., 2013). Scholars also utilized numerical simulation techniques to unveil the distribution and evolution characteristics of fractures in surrounding rock under double-layer mining (Cheng et al., 2021) and analyzed the evolution of overburden fissures while considering the floor stress state in close coal seams (Zhang et al., 2015). Field investigations using geological radar instruments observed the development of fractures in the full overburden strata after mining, indicating a periodic triangular caving pattern of overburden rock (Li et al., 2021). Additionally, based on the theoretical model of surrounding rock along gob retaining roadway, researchers developed stability control technology for the surrounding rock and identified relevant parameters in mine gob under close-multi coal seams mining (Zhang et al., 2021).The overburden fracture zone under close-multi coal seams mining, a key parameter for assessing the risk of sand collapse and water inrush in working faces, has been extensively studied. From the perspectives of theoretical analysis and prediction model, fractal geometry was frequently utilized to reveal the distribution and evolution regularities of mining-induced fractures in overburden strata (He et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2017b). A novel mathematic method was introduced to predict the fracture zone height in close-multi coal seams mining scenarios, based on separation distance and ultimate settlement value of overburden strata (Guo et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2022). Researchers devised
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